FlashDash ← Public Lessons
Science 11-1 (Rocks)
Q
What is the rock cycle?
A
Rocks changing from one type into another.
Q
What is weathering?
A
Breaking rocks into smaller pieces.
Q
What is erosion?
A
Moving weathered material.
Q
What is deposition?
A
Dropping sediment in a new location.
Q
What forms sedimentary rock?
A
Compaction and cementation.
Q
What forms metamorphic rock?
A
Heat and pressure.
Q
What happens when rock melts?
A
It becomes magma.
Q
What happens when magma cools and crystalizes?
A
It forms igneous rock.
Q
Do rocks always change in the same order?
A
No. There are many possible pathways.
Q
What are the three major rock types?
A
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.
Q
How does igneous rock form?
A
Magma or lava cools and solidifies.
Q
What does igneous rock often look like?
A
Crystals, glassy surfaces, or holes.
Q
What are examples of igneous rocks?
A
Granite, basalt, obsidian, and pumice.
Q
How does sedimentary rock form?
A
Sediments become compacted and cemented.
Q
What does sedimentary rock often look like?
A
Layers, grains, fragments, or fossils.
Q
What are examples of sedimentary rocks?
A
Sandstone, shale, and conglomerate.
Q
How does metamorphic rock form?
A
Heat and pressure change existing rocks without melting.
Q
What does metamorphic rock often look like?
A
Mineral bands or aligned crystals.
Q
What are examples of metamorphic rocks?
A
Slate, marble, and gneiss.
Q
What do large interlocking crystals tell us?
A
Slow cooling underground.
Q
What do tiny crystals or glassy textures tell us?
A
Rapid cooling at or near the surface.
Q
What do visible layers or rounded fragments tell us?
A
The rock is probably sedimentary.
Q
What do bands of minerals tell us?
A
The rock may be metamorphic.
Q
What is a mineral?
A
A naturally occurring, inorganic solid.
Q
How do scientists identify minerals?
A
By examining their physical properties.
Q
What is color?
A
The visible color of a mineral.
Q
What is streak?
A
The color of a mineral's powder.
Q
What is hardness?
A
Resistance to scratching.
Q
What is luster?
A
How light reflects from the surface.
Q
What is cleavage?
A
Breaking along flat surfaces.
Q
What is fracture?
A
Breaking along irregular surfaces.
Q
What is density?
A
Mass per unit volume.
Q
Is color alone enough to identify a mineral?
A
No. Scientists use several properties.
Q
What scale measures mineral hardness?
A
Mohs Hardness Scale.